Space.com movie: "Supernovae" [10'04"] [Midterm 3 material] Massive m. s. star death Fusion past Fe in cores cannot release energy Fusion now _absorbs_ energy, core gravitationally collapses Outer layers explode as type II supernovae Core becomes neutron star All elements heavier than iron form during supernovae Expanding supernova remnant surrounds neutron star Rotating neutron star = lighthouse "pulsar" [Quiz 10 material] Extremely massive m. s. star cores become black holes Mass transfer in binary systems from star to white dwarf Fresh hydrogen undergoes fusion on surface of white dwarf [Novae = only surface explodes, white dwarf survives] [Type Ia supernovae = entire white dwarf explodes]